Home / RCT and CIS

Is RCT the same as CIS?

No. They do the same job in the same industry on either side of one border, and almost none of the detail matches.

Same idea, different scheme

Both schemes exist because construction is full of short engagements and cash, so both governments take the tax off at source and sort it out later. That is where the similarity stops. CIS is HMRC's and applies to construction operations in the United Kingdom. Relevant Contracts Tax is Irish Revenue's and applies to relevant operations in the Republic. Doing a job in Letterkenny does not put you in CIS, and doing one in Londonderry does not put you in RCT.

Where they differ

 CISRCT
AuthorityHMRCIrish Revenue
Deduction rates20% standard, 30% higher0%, 20% or 35%
What sets your rateRegistration and verification Your compliance record with Revenue
Rate if unknown to them30%35%
Paying without deductionGross payment status, on three tests A 0% rate, on an up-to-date compliance record
Scope beyond constructionConstruction only Construction, forestry and meat processing
Per-project identifierNoneA Site Identifier Number
ReportingA monthly return by the 19th Contract and payment notifications, per payment, through ROS
Getting the money backSelf Assessment, or the EPS for a company Form IC1 or IC3 to the International Claims Section
VAT interactionThe UK domestic reverse charge, section 55A The Irish reverse charge, where RCT applies to the service
The row to read twice

The one that costs money is the third row. CIS punishes you for not being verified; RCT punishes you for not existing in the Irish system. A Northern Irish subcontractor with an immaculate HMRC record and gross payment status in the UK still starts at 35% on a first job in the Republic, because none of that record belongs to Revenue.

If you work both sides

Plenty of trades along the border do, and there is no shortcut: you are in both schemes, on different jobs, and each one has to be operated on its own terms. In practice that means the bookkeeping has to separate Northern Irish work from work in the Republic from the first invoice, because the deductions, the VAT treatment and the route to getting the money back are all different. Reconstructing the split a year later from bank statements is possible and it is not cheap.

How an RCT job actually runs sets out the notifications, the deduction authorisations and the refund forms in full.

We are a UK practice. We are not registered as a tax agent in the Republic and we do not file Irish returns, so this page is here to tell you what happens and what to get right rather than to sell you Irish compliance. What we do is the UK side — your CIS, your VAT, your accounts and your tax return — with the Irish deductions and the Irish VAT treatment carried through it properly. Where you genuinely need an agent in the Republic we will say so rather than improvise.

Work in Northern Ireland, the Republic, or both

Tell us which side your jobs are on and we will set the records up to match. Sole traders from £29 + VAT a month, limited companies from £49 + VAT a month.

Common questions

Does my CIS gross payment status work in Ireland?

No. Gross payment status is granted by HMRC under the UK scheme and has no effect on your Irish deduction rate. The equivalent in the Republic is a 0% RCT rate, and Revenue set it from your compliance record with them. If you have never registered with Revenue there is no record to look at, so the rate is 35%. The two are worth pursuing separately: one keeps your cash on UK jobs, the other keeps it on Irish ones, and neither is evidence for the other.

Is RCT deducted from materials as well as labour?

RCT is operated on the payment the principal makes under the relevant contract, and the treatment of materials is a matter for Irish rules rather than for the CIS materials rules you are used to. Do not assume the CIS approach carries across. If materials are a large part of what you invoice on a job in the Republic, get the position confirmed for that contract before you price it, because the difference between deducting on labour and deducting on the whole invoice is significant at 20% and severe at 35%.

I am a principal contractor in Northern Ireland hiring a subcontractor for a job in the Republic. What do I do?

You are likely to be a principal contractor for Irish purposes on that contract, which brings obligations of your own: notifying the contract to Revenue, notifying each payment and receiving a deduction authorisation before you pay, and giving the subcontractor a copy where tax is deducted. Revenue apply penalties to principals who pay without a deduction authorisation. This is a real registration obligation in another jurisdiction rather than an extension of your CIS duties, and it is worth taking advice on before the contract starts.