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Is the VAT Flat Rate Scheme still worth it for a subcontractor?

Usually not. The two construction sector rates are 14.5% for labour-only services where materials are under 10% of turnover, and 9.5% for general building services where materials are 10% or more, with the rate set by the materials proportion rather than by the trade. But a labour-only subcontractor whose sales all fall under the VAT domestic reverse charge has almost no VAT-inclusive turnover to apply a flat rate to, and low relevant goods spend also risks the 16.5% limited cost business rate. The scheme remains genuinely useful for a trade selling direct to domestic customers, outside CIS and outside the reverse charge.

What the reverse charge changed

The Flat Rate Scheme works by letting you keep the difference between the VAT you charge and a flat percentage you pay over. Under the reverse charge you do not charge VAT on your subcontract sales at all — the customer accounts for it. There is no margin to keep on those supplies, and reverse charge sales are excluded from the flat rate turnover.

So for a subcontractor whose work is mostly inside the reverse charge, the scheme has very little left to do.

What it does instead

It stops you recovering input VAT in the ordinary way. A subcontractor with no output VAT on sales but real input VAT on materials, fuel, plant hire and overheads is naturally in a repayment position — the returns should be producing refunds. On the Flat Rate Scheme that recovery is restricted, so the scheme can turn a repayment position into a worse one.

When it can still make sense

  • Your work is mostly for end users — domestic customers, or commercial customers who have given you an end-user notification — so you are still charging VAT normally.
  • Your input VAT is genuinely small.
  • You are within the first year and the introductory reduction still applies.

The limited cost trader rules also need checking: a labour-only business with low goods spend will often fall into the higher percentage, which removes most of what is left of the benefit.

If you are in a repayment position, switching to monthly VAT returns turns a quarterly refund into a monthly one. That is usually worth more to a labour-only subcontractor than any flat rate percentage.

This question is part of VAT rates in construction, which covers the whole area.

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